Dicyclomine


Description

Dicyclomine is a muscarinic M1 and M2 receptor antagonist as well as a non-competitive inhibitor of histamine and bradykinin used to treat spasms of the intestines seen in functional bowel disorder and irritable bowel syndrome.[

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Pharmacology

Indication

Dicyclomine is indicated for the treatment of functional bowel disorder and irritable bowel syndrome... Read more

Pharmacodynamic

Dicyclomine is an anticholinergic drug used to relax the smooth muscles of the intestines.[ Read more

Mechanism of action

Dicyclomine achieves its action partially through direct antimuscarinic activity of the M1 and M2 re... Read more

Absorption

The bioavailability of dicyclomine has not been determined,[ Read more

Protein binding

Data regarding plasma protein binding of dicyclomine is not readily available.[ Read more

Volume of distribution

The volume of distribution for a 20mg oral dose is 3.65L/kg.[ Read more

Clearance

Data regarding the clearance of dicyclomine is not readily available.[ Read more

Half life

The mean plasma elimination half life is approximately 1.8 hours.[ Read more

Route of elimination

Dicyclomine is 79.5% eliminated in the urine and 8.4% in the feces.[ Read more

Toxicity

Patients experiencing an overdose may present with headache, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, dilat... Read more


Adverse Effects

Effect Regions Age Groups Incidences Evidence Type
Dizziness US
  • Kind: experimental
    • Percent: 40%
  • Kind: placebo
    • Percent: 5%
    		• Clinical Trial
    Dry Mouth US
  • Kind: experimental
    • Percent: 33%
  • Kind: placebo
    • Percent: 5%
    		• Clinical Trial
    Vision blurred US
  • Kind: experimental
    • Percent: 27%
  • Kind: placebo
    • Percent: 2%
    		• Clinical Trial
    Nausea US
  • Kind: experimental
    • Percent: 14%
  • Kind: placebo
    • Percent: 6%
    		• Clinical Trial
    Somnolence US
  • Kind: experimental
    • Percent: 9%
  • Kind: placebo
    • Percent: 1%
    		• Clinical Trial
    Asthenia US
  • Kind: experimental
    • Percent: 7%
  • Kind: placebo
    • Percent: 1%
    		• Clinical Trial
    Nervousness US
  • Kind: experimental
    • Percent: 6%
  • Kind: placebo
    • Percent: 2%
    		• Clinical Trial
    Agitation US
    		Post Marketing
    Amnesia US
    		Post Marketing
    Delirium US
    		Post Marketing
    Confusional state US
    		Post Marketing
    Syncope US
    		Post Marketing
    Suppressed Lactation US
    		Post Marketing
    Nervousness US
    		Post Marketing
    Headache US
    		Post Marketing
    Dizziness US
    		Post Marketing
    Somnolence US
    		Post Marketing
    Hallucinations insomnia US
    		Post Marketing
    Anorexia US
    		Unclassified
    Rash US
    		Post Marketing
    Numbness US
    		Unclassified
    Tingling US
    		Unclassified
    Nasal Congestion US
    		Post Marketing
    Dyspnoea US
    		Post Marketing
    Erythema US
    		Post Marketing
    Dermatitis allergic US
    		Post Marketing
    Abdominal Pain US
    		Post Marketing
    Constipation US
    		Post Marketing
    Dry Mouth US
    		Post Marketing
    Dyspepsia US
    		Post Marketing
    Cycloplegia US
    		Post Marketing
    Mydriasis US
    		Post Marketing
    Vision blurred US
    		Post Marketing
    Abdominal distension US
    		Post Marketing
    Drug Hypersensitivity US
    		Post Marketing
    Face edema US
    		Post Marketing
    Angioedema US
    		Post Marketing
    Anaphylactic shock US
    		Post Marketing
    Nausea US
    		Post Marketing
    Vomiting US
    		Post Marketing
    Fatigue US
    		Post Marketing
    Malaise US
    		Post Marketing
    Impotence US
    		Unclassified
    Urticaria US
    		Unclassified
    Itching US
    		Unclassified
    Diplopia US
    		Unclassified
    Increased ocular tension US
    		Unclassified
    Insomnia US
    		Unclassified
    Curare-like action US
    		Unclassified
    Dyskinesia US
    		Unclassified

    Contraindications

    • Regions: US
    • Patient Conditions:
        • Name: Glaucoma
        • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0010013
    • Regions: US
    • Patient Conditions:
        • Name: Myasthenia Gravis
        • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0028961
    • Regions: US
    • Patient Conditions:
        • Name: Unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage
        • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0107971
    • Regions: US
    • Patient Conditions:
        • Name: Nursing mothers
        • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0107390
    • Regions: US
    • Patient Conditions:
        • Name: Reflux Esophagitis
        • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0031535
    • Regions: US
    • Patient Conditions:
        • Name: Severe Ulcerative Colitis
        • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0033634
        • Modification Of:
          • Base:
            • Name: Ulcerative Colitis
            • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0029012
          • Severity:
            • Includes:
              • severe
    • Regions: US
    • Patient Conditions:
        • Name: Obstructive disease of the gastrointestinal tract
        • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0107746
    • Regions: US
    • Patient Conditions:
        • Name: Obstructive Uropathy
        • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0068646
    • Regions: US
    • Below Age:
      • Amount: 6
      • Unit: month

    Food Interactions

    • Avoid alcohol.
    • Take this medication 30 minutes before meals.

    Interactions

    Type in a drug name to check for interaction with Dicyclomine

    1,10-Phenanthroline
    The therapeutic efficacy of Dicyclomine can be decreased when used in combination with 1,10-Phenanthroline.
    2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine
    The risk or severity of Tachycardia can be increased when Dicyclomine is combined with 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine.
    2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine
    2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine
    4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    4-Methoxyamphetamine
    4-Methoxyamphetamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine
    5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    7-Nitroindazole
    7-Nitroindazole may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline
    7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    Abacavir
    Dicyclomine may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
    Abediterol
    The risk or severity of Tachycardia can be increased when Dicyclomine is combined with Abediterol.
    Acarbose
    Acarbose may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
    Aceclofenac
    Aceclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
    Acemetacin
    Acemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
    Acepromazine
    Acepromazine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    Aceprometazine
    Aceprometazine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    Acetaminophen
    Acetaminophen may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
    Acetazolamide
    Acetazolamide may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    Acetophenazine
    Acetophenazine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate
    Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
    Acetylsalicylic acid
    Acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.

    References

    • 1 . Danhof I, Schreiber E, Wiggans D, Leyland H: Metabolic dynamics of dicyclomine hydrochloride in man as influenced by various dose schedules and formulations Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 1967 Dec 18;13(1):16-23. [PubMed: ]
    • 2 . Walker BJ, Lang JF, Okerholm RA: Quantitative analysis of dicyclomine in human plasma by capillary gas chromatography and nitrogen-selective detection. J Chromatogr. 1987 Apr 24;416(1):150-3. doi: 10.1016/0378-4347(87)80496-6. [PubMed: 3597632]
    • 3 . Pavia J, Munoz M, Jimenez E, Martos F, Gonzalez-Correa JA, De la Cruz JP, Garcia V, Sanchez de la Cuesta F: Pharmacological characterization and distribution of muscarinic receptors in human placental syncytiotrophoblast brush-border and basal plasma membranes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Feb 12;320(2-3):209-14. [PubMed: 9059856]
    • 4 . MCGRATH WR, LEWIS RE, KUHN WL: THE DUAL MODE OF THE ANTISPASMODIC EFFECT OF DICYCLOMINE HYDROCHLORIDE. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1964 Dec;146:354-8. [PubMed: 14254329]
    • 5 . FDA Approved Drug Products: Dicyclomine Oral Capsules, Oral Tablets, and Intramuscular Injections [Link]
    • 6 . Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health: Dicyclomine for Gastrointestinal Conditions: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness, Safety, and Guidelines [Link]

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