Description

Simple

A medication used to treat disorders affecting the large intestines.

Clinical

An antimuscarinic agent used to treat IBS.

Overview

Dicyclomine is a muscarinic M1 and M2 receptor antagonist as well as a non-competitive inhibitor of histamine and bradykinin used to treat spasms of the intestines seen in functional bowel disorder and irritable bowel syndrome.[3,4,5] Though it is commonly prescribed, its recommendation may have been based on a small amount of evidence and so its prescription is becoming less favourable.[6]

Dicyclomine was granted FDA approval on 11 May 1950.[Read more

Pharmacology

Indication

Dicyclomine is indicated for the treatment of functional bowel disorder and irritable bowel syndrome.[5]

Pharmacodynamic

Dicyclomine is an anticholinergic drug used to relax the smooth muscles of the intestines.[5] It's duration of action is not especially long... Read more

Mechanism of action

Dicyclomine achieves its action partially through direct antimuscarinic activity of the M1 and M2 receptors, and partially through antagonism of bradykinin and histamine.[ Read more

Absorption

The bioavailability of dicyclomine has not been determined,[ Read more

Protein binding

Data regarding plasma protein binding of dicyclomine is not readily available.[5]

Volume of distribution

The volume of distribution for a 20mg oral dose is 3.65L/kg.[5]

Clearance

Data regarding the clearance of dicyclomine is not readily available.[5]

Half life

The mean plasma elimination half life is approximately 1.8 hours.[ Read more

Route of elimination

Dicyclomine is 79.5% eliminated in the urine and 8.4% in the feces.[ Read more

Toxicity

Patients experiencing an overdose may present with headache, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, dilated pupils, dizziness, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, CNS stimulation, as well as hot, dry skin.[ Read more

Adverse Effects

Contraindications

  • Regions: US
  • Patient Conditions:
      • Name: Glaucoma
      • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0010013
  • Regions: US
  • Patient Conditions:
      • Name: Myasthenia Gravis
      • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0028961
  • Regions: US
  • Patient Conditions:
      • Name: Unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage
      • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0107971
  • Regions: US
  • Patient Conditions:
      • Name: Nursing mothers
      • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0107390
  • Regions: US
  • Patient Conditions:
      • Name: Reflux Esophagitis
      • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0031535
  • Regions: US
  • Patient Conditions:
      • Name: Severe Ulcerative Colitis
      • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0033634
      • Modification Of:
        • Base:
          • Name: Ulcerative Colitis
          • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0029012
        • Severity:
          • Includes:
            • severe
  • Regions: US
  • Patient Conditions:
      • Name: Obstructive disease of the gastrointestinal tract
      • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0107746
  • Regions: US
  • Patient Conditions:
      • Name: Obstructive Uropathy
      • Drugbank Id: DBCOND0068646
  • Regions: US
  • Below Age:
    • Amount: 6
    • Unit: month

Food Interactions

  • Avoid alcohol.
  • Take this medication 30 minutes before meals.

Interactions

Type in a drug name to check for interaction with Dicyclomine
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  • Paracetamol(acetaminophen)
  • Paxil(paroxetine)
  • Pamelor(nortriptyline)
  • Panadol(acetaminophen)
  • Patanol(olopatadine ophthalmic)
  • Pataday(olopatadine ophthalmic)
  • Parnate(tranylcypromine)
  • Pazeo(olopatadine ophthalmic)
1,10-Phenanthroline
The therapeutic efficacy of Dicyclomine can be decreased when used in combination with 1,10-Phenanthroline.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine
The risk or severity of Tachycardia can be increased when Dicyclomine is combined with 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylthioamphetamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine
4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
4-Methoxyamphetamine
4-Methoxyamphetamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine
5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
7-Nitroindazole
7-Nitroindazole may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline
7,8-Dichloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
Abacavir
Dicyclomine may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
Abediterol
The risk or severity of Tachycardia can be increased when Dicyclomine is combined with Abediterol.
Acarbose
Acarbose may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
Aceclofenac
Aceclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
Acemetacin
Acemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
Acepromazine
Acepromazine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
Aceprometazine
Aceprometazine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
Acetazolamide
Acetazolamide may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
Acetophenazine
Acetophenazine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate
Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Dicyclomine.
Acetylsalicylic acid
Acetylsalicylic acid may decrease the excretion rate of Dicyclomine which could result in a higher serum level.
6 References
  1. 1 . Danhof I, Schreiber E, Wiggans D, Leyland H: Metabolic dynamics of dicyclomine hydrochloride in man as influenced by various dose schedules and formulations Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 1967 Dec 18;13(1):16-23.PubMed:
  2. 2 . Walker BJ, Lang JF, Okerholm RA: Quantitative analysis of dicyclomine in human plasma by capillary gas chromatography and nitrogen-selective detection. J Chromatogr. 1987 Apr 24;416(1):150-3. doi: 10.1016/0378-4347(87)80496-6.PubMed: 3597632
  3. 3 . Pavia J, Munoz M, Jimenez E, Martos F, Gonzalez-Correa JA, De la Cruz JP, Garcia V, Sanchez de la Cuesta F: Pharmacological characterization and distribution of muscarinic receptors in human placental syncytiotrophoblast brush-border and basal plasma membranes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Feb 12;320(2-3):209-14.PubMed: 9059856
  4. 4 . MCGRATH WR, LEWIS RE, KUHN WL: THE DUAL MODE OF THE ANTISPASMODIC EFFECT OF DICYCLOMINE HYDROCHLORIDE. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1964 Dec;146:354-8.PubMed: 14254329
  5. 5 . FDA Approved Drug Products: Dicyclomine Oral Capsules, Oral Tablets, and Intramuscular Injections Link
  6. 6 . Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health: Dicyclomine for Gastrointestinal Conditions: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness, Safety, and Guidelines Link